Finland was a province and then a grand duchy under Sweden from the 12th to the 19th centuries, and an autonomous grand duchy of Russia after 1809. It won its complete independence in 1917. During World War II, it was able to successfully defend its freedom and resist invasions by the Soviet Union - albeit with some loss of territory. In the subsequent half century, the Finns made a remarkable transformation from a farm/forest economy to a diversified modern industrial economy; per capita income is now among the highest in Western Europe. A member of the European Union since 1995, Finland was the only Nordic state to join the euro system at its initiation in January 1999.

Helsinki — the "Daughter of the Baltic", Finland's capital and largest city by far

Surrounded by sea and a vast archipelago, Helsinki is at its best in the summer when the dialogue between the city and nature is at its fullest. Classical Helsinki's sights can be divided into an eclectic set of churches and a wide variety of museums. For a coastal amble past some of Helsinki's minor and major sights, see the itinerary A seaside stroll in Helsinki.

Suomenlinna

If you see only one place in Helsinki in the summer, make it Suomenlinna. The "Gibraltar of the North" was once the greatest sea fortress in the Baltic, built by the Swedish in the mid-1700s at great expense to protect their eastern flank. But when the Russians invaded in February 1808, the bulk of the unprepared and bankrupt Swedish army hastily withdrew, allowing the Russians to conquer Helsinki without a fight and besiege the fortress. With no reinforcements in sight, commander Carl Olof Cronstedt surrendered unconditionally two months later, and Finland was ceded to the Russians. Cronstedt's actions probably saved countless civilian lives, but King Gustav IV needed a scapegoat and sentenced him to death for treason; fortunately, the losing king was himself soon overthrown, and Cronstadt lived out his years gardening.

Today's Suomenlinna is still living in its own time with only old buildings, few cars, fewer than a thousand inhabitants and lots of old fortifications, catacombs and cast iron cannons. But it's not just a museum: the sprawling complex houses restaurants, cafes, theaters and museums, and is a very popular place for a picnic on a fine summer day, watching the vast passenger ferries drift by on their way to Estonia and St Petersburg. It was included in UNESCO’s World Heritage List in 1991 as a unique monument to European military architecture.

Entry to the island is free. The HKL ferry from Market Square is the cheapest and most convenient of getting there at €3.80 for a 12-hour tourist return. Guided tours in English are available daily at 11 AM and 2 PM in Jun-Aug and on Sat/Sun only at 1:30 PM the rest of the year, €7/person, and history buffs will want to drop into the Suomenlinna Museum at the Visitor Centre (€5).

Seurasaari Open Air Museum

A pleasant little island to the north of the center, filled with walking trails and authentic old Finnish houses collected from all over the country. An excellent half-day trip, especially in the summer, when many buildings have guides practising crafts in traditional dress. There's a very pleasant if somewhat pricy summer cafe/restaurant atop a small hill at the center of the island. Entry to the park free, entry into the museum buildings €5 (buy tickets at entrance). Take bus 24 from Erottaja at the northern end of Esplanadi to the terminus (20-30 minutes), then walk across the bridge.

Pihlajasaari

Few tourists find their way here, but this is a very popular summer spot for Helsinkians, with sandy beaches (including a mixed nude beach) and a restaurant dishing out cold beer and ciders. Ferries run from Merisatama pier at the southern end of Kaivopuisto Park (tram 3B) hourly from 9:30 AM to 8:30 PM, 10-15 min, €5 return.

Korkeasaari

A large island in central Helsinki best known for Helsinki Zoo, with approximately 200 different animal species. Connected to the mainland by bridge (bus 11 from Central Railway Station), in summer you can also open for a 15-min ferry ride from Hakaniemi and Market Square. Entry to the zoo 5€/3€ adult/child.

Esplanadin puisto

It's really hard to miss this park situated between Kauppatori and the Swedish theatre. In the summer time it is full of people sitting on the lawn, meeting their friends and quite often also having a drink or two. In the summer there are often free concerts given by local artists on the stage close to Kauppatori, facing restaurant Kappeli. If you're walking around with an ice cream or sandwich, do watch out for the aggressive birds.

Kaivopuisto

A beautiful park by the sea in the southernmost part of the city. In summer you might want to sit down for a cup of coffee in one of the seaside cafes and enjoy the view of sailboats and the people on the promenade. Housing surrounding this area is the most expensive in Helsinki.

Töölönlahti

Located northwest from the central railway station, this is a bay surrounded by a nice park that is dotted with attractions such as the Finlandia Concert Hall and the National Opera. Töölönlahti is partly in a natural state which is quite rare in major cities. Walking and jogging around the bay is a popular outdoor activity.

Sinebrychoffin puisto

Also known as "Koffin puisto", located in Punavuori district next to the Sinebrychoff art museum. Popular with young people, in the summer it is full of people having picnics or just drinking pussikalja (literally: "beer in a bag"), in the winter kids ride sleds down the snowy slope.

Keskuspuisto (Central Park)

This is a huge park starting just north of the Olympic Stadium and extending for 10 km north. It encompasses an area of over 1,000 hectares. The park is mostly in a natural state.

Lutheran Cathedral (Tuomiokirkko)

Aleksanterinkatu. The unofficial symbol of the city, this striking white cathedral dominates the central Senate Square. Based on designs by Carl Ludvig Engel and completed in 1852, the cathedral has recently been refurbished and looks better than ever, with the 12 apostles on the roof once again looking down at the world below. Open 9AM-6PM daily. Free.

The Church in the Rock (Temppeliaukion kirkko, literally "Temple Square Church")

Lutherinkatu 3 (tram 3B). An atmospheric if minimalistic church, this church was literally dug out of solid rock. From above, it resembles a crashed UFO. The roof is made of 22 kms of copper strips. Completed in 1969, this has become one of Helsinki's most popular attractions. Concerts are often held here thanks to the excellent acoustics. 10AM-5PM daily. Free.

Uspenski Cathedral (Uspenskin katedraali)

Kanavakatu 1. A classical onion-domed Russian church prominently located near the Market Square, Uspenski Cathedral serves Finland's small Orthodox minority and is the largest Orthodox church in Western Europe. The name comes from the Russian uspenie, from the Dormition (death) of the Virgin Mary. The five domes are topped with 22-carat gold, and some of the icons within are held to be miraculous. Open Tue-Fri 9:30AM-4PM, Sat 9:30AM-2PM, Sun 12PM-3PM. May-Sep Mon,Wed, Sat 9:30AM-4PM, Tue 9:30AM-6PM, Sun 12PM-3PM. Free.

St. John's Church (Johanneksenkirkko)

Korkeavuorenkatu 12. The largest church in Helsinki and a fine example of Gothic Revival architecture. Mon-Fri 12-15PM. Free.

Church of Kallio (Kallion kirkko)

On top of the hill at the end of Siltasaarenkatu. The church is built of grey granite (1912) and its massive looks dominate the view from Hakaniemi. It was designed by Finnish architect Lars Sonck. The church has both baroque and French romantic organs and concerts are organized frequently. Tue-Fri 12AM-6PM, Sat-Sun 10AM-6PM. Free.

Ateneum Art Museum

Kaivokatu 2. Ateneum can be considered the most nationally significant art museum, and it has the largest collection of paintings and sculptures in Finland. Particularly notable is the collection of works by major Finnish artists. Works include renowned interpretations of the national epic Kalevala. Entrance fee €6 / €4, or during special exhibitions €8 / €6.5. Free admission for visitors under 18. First Wednesday of the month 5PM-8PM free admission. Open Tue-Fri 9AM-6PM, Wed-Thu 9AM-8PM, Sat-Sun 11AM-5PM. Closed Mon.

Design Museum

Korkeavuorenkatu 23. Exhibitions of modern commercial and industrial design and modern art. The permanent exhibit in the basement showcases the history of consumer-goods design over the course of the 20th century, with a particular focus on the contributions of Finnish designers. Admission is €7 for adults, €3 for students, and free for children. Open Tue 11AM-8PM, Wed-Sun 11AM-6PM. Closed Mondays.

Helsinki City Museum

Sofiankatu 4 (and elsewhere). The museum actually covers a whole series of old buildings around Helsinki, but the centerpiece is the (short) street of Sofiankatu itself, carefully restored as a replica of the 1930s. All museums and exhibitions are free of charge.

Kiasma Museum of Contemporary Art

Mannerheiminaukio 2. Located near Ateneum, Kiasma is everything Ateneum isn't. The sometimes unusual collections mostly include works by contemporary Finnish artists and artists from nearby countries. There are also periodical exhibitions. The building itself is arguably a work of art. Entrance fee €7 for adults, €5 for students (though not postgraduates - only undergraduates qualify for the discounted price), senior citizens, visual artists, and groups with at least 7 people. Free admission for visitors under 18. First Wed of the month is free from 5PM-8PM. Tue 10AM-5PM, Wed-Sun 10AM-8:30PM. Closed Mondays.

National Museum of Finland (Kansallismuseo)

Mannerheimintie 34. A beautiful classical building houses this old museum, which has recently been renovated. The exhibit includes displays of artifacts and items relating to Finland's history. Admission is €6/4 adult/child. Free admission for visitors under 18. Tuesday has free admission from 5:30PM-8PM. Tue-Wed 11AM-8PM, Thu-Sun 11AM-6PM, Closed Mon.

Museum of Cultures (Kulttuurien museo)

Tennispalatsi 2nd floor, Eteläinen Rautatiekatu 8. One of Helsinki's quirkier museums, concentrates on changing exhibitions of cultures outside Finland. Admission €5/4 adult/child. Tuesdays 5PM-8PM and Fridays 11AM-6PM free admission. Open Tue-Thu 11AM-8PM, Fri-Sun 11AM-6PM, Closed Mon.

Heureka Science Centre

Tikkurila (near Tikkurila train station), Vantaa. If you have children, this is a great place for a day trip. Hands-on science tests and exhibitions plus Verne super-cinema. There's also a Heureka Shop, where you can buy interesting science-related memorabilia. Open Mon-Wed, Thu 10AM-8PM, Fri 10AM-5PM, Sat-Sun 10AM-6PM. Admission (exhibitions and one super-movie) for adult costs €19, for children (6-15) €12.50.

Olympic Stadium

Originally built for the Olympics and renovated for the 2005 World Athletic Championships. Next to the stadium are soccer fields. There is Museum of Sport in the stadium building. Another stadium called Finnair stadium is not far from the Olympic site. The most popular building in the complex, though, is the Uimastadion, Helsinki's largest outdoor pool (open May-Sep), whose three pools and water slides draw around 5,000 visitors a day in the summer. After the war, the pool was used to store herring and potatoes! Open Mon-Fri 9AM-8PM, Sat-Sun 9AM-6PM.

Olympic Tower

The stadium features 72m high tower that offers a great view over the city. €2 (adults) / €1 (children).

Sibelius Monument

Sibelius Park. The world-famous composer Jean Sibelius' monument was designed by sculptress Eila Hiltunen and unveiled in 1967. It is one of the most well-known tourist attractions in Helsinki as nearly every guided tourist tour is brought to Sibelius Park to marvel at this unique work of art resembling organ pipes, welded together from 600 pipes and weighing over 24 metric tons.

Parliament House (Eduskunta)

Mannerheimintie 30. The House of the 200-seat Parliament of Finland was designed by J.S. Sirén in the classic style of the 1920s and officially inaugurated in 1931. The interior is classical with a touch of functionalism and art deco. Tours in English at 11AM and 12PM on Satm 12PM and 1PM on Sun. During the months of Jul and Aug English tours are at 1PM on weekdays. Free.

Finlandia Hall

Mannerheimintie 13. Designed by Finland's best known architect Alvar Aalto and located across the street from the National Museum, the marble Finlandia Hall is a popular congress and concert venue in Helsinki. The building itself is worth a visit particularly for architecture buffs, with guided tours available (€6 / €4, check website for schedule). Be sure to view the building also from across the Töölönlahti bay in the evening when it is floodlit. Mon-Fri 9AM-4PM. Free.

Jyväskylä — a university town located in Central Finland

There is a nature preservation area just a few hundred meters off the city center. The area is located on the bank of the Tourujoki-river. There are also six other recreational 'nature paths' in Jyväskylä.

Exhibitions and art museums: Admission is free for all on Fridays to Jyväskylä Art Museum, Craft Museum of Finland and Museum of Central Finland. Ask for a student discount in the museums and galleries.

Jyväskylä has many buildings by the famous architect Alvar Aalto. These include kaupunginteatteri (the town theater), some buildings in the main campus of the universty and the Alvar Aalto Museum.

Harju A ridge just next to the center of the town has a park on its slopes. Good for picnics and such. Vesilinna (water tower) is a building on top of the ridge that acts as an observation tower, restaurant and a museum of natural science in addition to dispensing water to the town. The building can be seen from many parts of Jyväskylä.

Kuopio — a university town in central Finland , lakeland area.

The Puijo Panorama Tower

The Puijo Panorama Tower lurks over the city on the highest hill far and wide. From here you have a stunning view over the neighbouring lakelands.

The Orthodox Church Museum

A leading museum of Orthodox Churches in Europe.

The Old Town Centre

South east from the main square and you can just walk around following your feet.

The Minna Canth House

The original house where the famous first Finnish female writer Minna Canth lived.

The Kuopio Quarter-Block Museum

The Kuopio Quarter-Block Museum in the old town has plenty of old buildings done up in their original style 150 years ago containing also a pharmacy museum and most enchantingly a little history of Wonderous Healers in Eastern Finland of which still two or three exist and offer their service to believing people today!

The Kuopio Shopping Hall

Over 20 local stallholders. Located at market square. Opening hours: mon-fri 8-17 and saturdays 8-15.

Oulu — a technology city at the end of the Gulf of Bothnia

Oulu City Art Museum (Oulun Taidemuseo)

Kasarmintie 7. Newly renovated museum within an easy walking distance from the city centre.

Science Centre Tietomaa (Tiedekeskus Tietomaa)

Nahkatehtaankatu 2. Mon-Sun 10–19. The world's first science centre. Unfortunately a 'social invention' such as a science centre wasn't to be patented and the idea was copied all over the world. €13 for single adult ticket, €10 for children aged 6-15.

Pori — an industrial city at the western coast, known from its annual Pori Jazz festival.

Eteläranta, City Hall and the Pori Cathedral

The riverfront in Pori has several prominent neo-renaissance stone building quarters, and the City Hall (with it's park) by Carl-Ludvig Engel is especially worth a look. The gothic-style Pori cathedral (that built instead of the castle that originally gave Pori its name) is also on alongside the river just a stone's throw away.

Reposaari

The fisher/seaside village outside the city filled with pittoresque wooden buildings on the seaside. Especially recommended for summertime visits.

The Sigrid Jusélius Mausoleum

Containing paintings of the famous Finnish painter Axel Gallén-Kallela. It is situated on the main graveyard and the entrance is free.

Viikkari

Viikkari, or the 5th district, consists solely of old wooden buildings. There's nothing to see in particular, but the area has a unique "bohemian" character and is best enjoyed by just walking around. Located alongside the eastern border of the city center, it's a popular location to live for local artists and underground musicians as well.

Rovaniemi — gateway to Lapland, largest city in Europe measured from the surface area

Santa Claus Village

8 km north of Rovaniemi and right on the Arctic Circle [5] is a tourist trap if there ever was one – but few tourists can miss the chance to meet Santa himself. Apart from meeting the man, there are also other attractions like small-scale sledding hills for kids. The village hosts also several safari companies organising different types of activities. During dark times the village has nicely lit ice sculptures. Bus number 8 goes from town to the village.

Santapark

Within some walking distance from the Santa Claus Village is Santapark. An underground amusement park. Santapark has been under heavy re-decoration recently and should now be much less Disney-style place than before. Ticket price is 20€ for adults and 10€ for children but considerable place to visit still.

Arktikum

Pohjoisranta 4. One of the best museums and science centers in Finland, focusing on life in Lapland through the ages. Admission 8€ or 7€ for students, open 10 AM-5 PM daily (but closed Monday in winter).

Lutheran church

Lutheran church is build 1950 and it's located close to administrative center. Church is famous for it's considerable large fresco "Spring of the Life" by professor Lennart Segerstråle. Interestingly the fresco uses elements of Lapland in Biblical context (for example there are no lambs but reindeers). There is nice park by the pool Kirkkolampi right next to the church. A small orthodox church is located on the other side of Kemijoki river (address: Ounasvaarantie 16).

Art museum

Located not very far from the shopping centre. It's collection consists mostly of modern Finnish art. Ticket price is 4€/adult, 2€ for students and free for people under 18 years old. Museum is closed on Mondays and has free entry on Saturdays.

Jätkänkynttilä bridge

One of the most important symbols of Rovaniemi. It runs over the Kemijoki close the northern end of the city center. Bridge has a high pylon with bright yellow light on top.

Log Train Terminal

Log Train Terminal, about a kilometer west from the train station. Might be worth of seeing during dark times, as the cranes that lift the logs have lights on their arms. Climb to the opposite hill and sit on the fence for a nice view.

German Soldier Cemetery

Located in Norvajärvi (19 km northeast from Rovaniemi). Constructed of large stone blocks and located virtually in the middle of nowhere it might be of interest to some. During autumn one can eat berries on the way.

14 giants kettes (hiidenkirnut)

Including three very deep ones, can be found from Sukulanrakka slopes near the island of Rautiosaari, (22 km south from Rovaniemi, turn left from the road 926).

Savonlinna — a small town with a big castle and a popular opera festival.

Medieval Olavinlinna (St. Olaf's Castle) is the city's symbol and main attraction. Built in 1475 by Danish knight Erik Axelsson to protect the eastern border of the Swedish-Danish Kalmar Union, it was named after the patron saint of knights, St. Olaf. The Russians were soon on the offensive, but the castle withstood several sieges before capitulating in 1714. The Swedes recaptured it in 1721, but lost it again in 1743, and it stayed in Russian hands ever since. This also explains why it has stayed in such good shape: for the Russians, it was far inland and militarily useless, and hence not a target for the enemy either.

Today, Olavinlinna is the world's northernmost medieval stone castle and easily Finland's best-preserved and most attractive castle, and it's quite a sight perched on the shores of the lake. The interior, though, is surprisingly small and sparse (virtually all furniture and decorations were lost in fires in around 1870), and free guided tours take one hour.

Castle Museum

covers the castle's history

Orthodox Museum

with Russian Orthodox icons and paraphernalia

There are plenty of sightseeing cruises around Lake Saimaa. If you're extremely lucky, you just might spot the very rare Saimaa Ringed Seal (saimaannorppa).

Tampere — an industrial town, home to the Lenin Museum and Spy Museum, in the middle of other big cities in Southern Finland

Amuri Museum of Workers' Housing (Amurin työläismusekortteli)

Satakunnankatu 49. Tue-Sun 10-18. Open in summer only.. Amuri is a block of old houses from the 19th century in which workers used to live. Houses form an almost closed inner court, and share only one kitchen. Adults €5, children (7-16) €1.

Finnish Boxing Museum (Suomen nyrkkeilymuseo)

Aleksanterinkatu 26 B. Open by prior agreement only. Finnish and international boxing equipment, photographs and other items. Voluntary price.

Finnish Labour Museum Werstas (Työväenmuseo Werstas),

Väinö Linnan aukio 8. Tue-Sun 11-18. Lots of different exhibitions to see. Currently on display the history of the Finnish Social Security, Worker's Century and soon to be opened exhibition about the famous Finnish writer Väinö Linna. The fee is also valid for Textile Industry Museum and Steam Engine Museum (the largest Steam Engine ever used on land in Finland). Adults €5, students, pensioners and unemployed €4, children (7-15) €2.

Hiekka Art Museum (Hiekan taidemuseo)

Pirkankatu 6. Tue 15-18, Wed 15-19, Thu 15-18, Sun 12-15. Home museum of art collector Kustaa Hiekka. Adults €5, students €3.

Lenin Museum (Lenin-museo)

Hämeenpuisto 28. Mon-Fri 09-18, Sat Sun 11-16. Tampere's most offbeat attraction and well worth a visit if you have any interest, serious or humorous, in the Soviet revolutionary figure who spent some time in exile in Tampere. Lenin and Stalin met for the first time in this very apartment. Exhibits include a sofa that Lenin slept on and more busts that you can shake a stick at. There is also a wacky but fairly expensive gift shop. €5.

Mineral Museum (Tampereen kivimuseo)

Hämeenpuisto 20. Tue-Fri 09-17, Sat-Sun 10-18. Museum of rocks and minerals. Exhibition consists of about 5000 items. Adults €5, children (7-16) and students €1.

The Moominvalley of the Tampere Art Museum (Muumilaakso)

Hämeenpuisto 20 (In the same building with main library Metso). Tue-Fri 9-17, Sat-Sun 10-18. Museum devoted to the work of Tove Jansson with around 2000 works. Adults €4, children (4-16) and students €1.

Rupriikki

Väinö Linnan aukio 13 (Finlayson). Tue-Sun 10-18. Media museum focusing on history and development of mass communications. Adults €5, children (7-16) and students €1.

Sara Hildén Art Museum (Sara Hildénin taidemuseo)

Särkänniemi. Tue-Sun 11-18. Modern art, both Finnish and foreign.

Spy Museum (Vakoilumuseo)

Satakunnankatu 18. Jun-Aug: Mon-Sat 10-18, Sun 11-17. Sep-May: Mon-Sat 12-18, Sun 11-17. Claims to be the first spy museum in the world, exhibiting everything from spy cameras to secret weapons. Admission €7 (adults) / €5.50 (children and students).

Tampere Art Museum (Tampereen taidemuseo)

Puutarhakatu 34. Tue-Sun 10-18. Changing exhibitions of Finnish and foreign art. Price varies with exhibitions. 

Vapriikki

Veturiaukio 4. Jun-Aug: Mon-Tue, Thu-Sun 10-18, Wed 11-20. Sep-May: Tue, Thu-Sun 10-18, Wed 11-20. Changing exhibitions. Basic exhibitions include history of Pirkanmaa, shoe museum and hockey museum. Adults €7, children (7-16) and students €2, pensioners and unemployed €6. Some exhibitions may cost extra.

Art and Craftcenter Verkaranta

Art and Craftcenter Verkaranta (Käsi- ja taideteollisuuskeskus Verkaranta), Verkatehtaankatu 2

Kaleva Church (Kalevan kirkko)

Liisanpuisto 1. Designed by famous architect Reima Pietilä in 1966.

Messukylä's Old Church (Messukylän vanha kirkko)

Kivikirkontie 2. The oldest building in Tampere, built during the medieval times.

Tampere Cathedral (Tampereen tuomiokirkko)

Tuomiokirkonkatu. Architectocnically significant church designed by architect Lars Sonck. Basils famous frescos, including Haavoittunut enkeli, Kuoleman puutarhat, and Köynnöksenkantajat, are painted by Hugo Simberg.

Tampere Parish (Tampereen ortodoksikirkko)

Suvantokatu 10. Tampere Orthodox Church.

Duck Park (Sorsapuisto)

Yliopistonkatu. Quite large park around a pond by the Tampere Hall, near the city centre. Good choice for a summer picnic. In the summer there are also different species of birds in cages by the pond.

Hatanpää Arboretum

Hatanpään puistokuja (About 2km south via Hatanpään valtatie from the city centre, turn to right on Hatanpään puistokuja). An arboretum (a collection of trees and plants), a rose garden, and park by the lake Pyhäjärvi.

Koskipuisto Park

Newly renovated park by the Tammerkoski rapids in the center of the city. Popular place to have a picnic or a beer on a sunny summer day.

Näsi Park (Näsinpuisto)

Nice park by the lake Näsijärvi, created in the early 20th century. Park starts from the north end of Hämeenpuisto. On the highest point of the park lies a memorial for the victims of the shipwreck of S/S Kuru. By the memorial you'll have a great view over the lake Näsijärvi and Särkänniemi Adventure Park.

Southern Park (Eteläpuisto)

Eteläpuisto (At the southern end of Hämeenpuisto). A park with a fountain. From the park you can walk through the woods to Pyynikin uimaranta, the most popular beach in Tampere.

Viikinsaari Island

On a sunny summer day take a 20 minutes boat trip[37] from Laukontori to Viikinsaari Island. There are swimming shores, playgrounds, gaming fields, fireplace for roasting sausages and such (buy them beforehand) and a restaurant with dance pavilion on the island. Most of the island is a nature reserve. Price for the boat: adults €8, seniors and students €7, and children (4-17) €4.

Pispala

A bridge between lake Näsijärvi and lake Pyhäjärvi. Formerly a working-class neighborhood, the area has gentrified radically and is currently one of the most exclusive neighbourhoods in Tampere. However, you can still get a glimpse of the history at the area as there are lots of original houses left. Along with neighouring Pyynikki it forms an important historical area of Tampere. You can enjoy nature at the Pyynikki park and climb up to Pyynikki tower for nice views over the ridge, lakes and the city and enjoy coffee & famous doughnuts afterwards. In the summer you can also stop by at Pyynikin kesäteatteri by Lake Pyhäjärvi to enjoy open-air theatre and experience the revolving auditorium.

Särkänniemi Adventure Park (Särkänniemi)

Adventure park 01-May - 01-Sep, art museum and restaurant throughout the year. Includes a dolphinarium and the landmark Näsinneula tower, topped by the inevitable revolving restaurant. On a summer day the views of the surrounding forests and lakes are quite nice though. Entrance €6, single ride ticket €5, day pass €29 (includes entrance).

Tampere city library and Pirkanmaa regional library (Metso)

Pirkankatu 2. Mon-Fri 09.30-20.00, Sat 09.30-15.00. In 1978 a competition was arranged for the design of a new main library. The jury unanimously chose the design by Raili and Reima Pietilä. The architects said they had been influenced by various elements, such as Celtic ornaments, sheep horns and glacial spin formations. The constructional basic idea was space coiling spirally like the shell of a snail. The form of a bird appeared in the design process. Increasingly, the building began to resemble a large game bird - capercaillie. In fact, the library is known under the Finnish name "Metso". Seen from above, the building looks like a bird carrying a shield.

Haihara Mansion (Haiharan kartano)

A peaceful place to visit on a warm summer day. There is a cafe, art exhibitions and a garden. The mansion's history dates back to 16th century. The last stop of bus line 15 is near Haihara.

Hervanta

The suburb of Hervanta is located about 10 km south of the city center and can be reached either by taxi or bus lines 13, 20, 23, 30 or 39. It is the location of Tampere University of Technology, Hermia Technology Center and large amount of student housing. Many high-tech companies (for example, Nokia) have offices in Hervanta. What makes Hervanta infamous is the large amount of 1970's concrete residential tower blocks and the social problems it suffered, especially during 1980's. If you happen to be around Hervanta during the semesters of TUT, you might run into a student party somewhere. Thursdays are the most popular days for these.

Turku — the former capital on the western coast. Medieval castle and cathedral.

Turku Castle (Turun linna)

Linnankatu 80. Daily 10 AM-6 PM; reduced hours and closed Mon in Oct-Mar low season. At the south tip of the city, near the ferry terminals. A must for everyone visiting the city and is one of the country's most popular tourist attractions. This old castle dates from the 1280s, and has been carefully renovated. There is always some exhibition in the castle premises. Highlights include the two dungeons and magnificent banquet halls, and a historical museum of medieval Turku in a maze of restored rooms in the castle's old bailey. Tours of the stronghold are given hourly in English. They give a good account of the castle's history. €7, optional guided tour €2.

Turku Cathedral

Towers over the river and the town and is one of Finland's most important Cathedrals. Tours run 9am-7pm during mid September to mid April and 9am to 8pm mid April to mid September. Free.

Luostarinmäki

In 1827 a fire destroyed almost all of Turku. Luostarinmäki was one of the few areas that were saved, and now it hosts a handicrafts museum.

Aboa Vetus & Ars Nova

This museum is actually two museums: Aboa Vetus tells about the history of Turku, and Ars Nova is a museum of modern art. Aboa Vetus is based on ancient remainings of old buildings and the Aboa Vetus exhibition is located there.

Kuralan kylämäki

Dubbed a "Village of Living History", here you can see newborn lambs and chicken (depends on time of year), as well as a genuine Finnish farm from the 1950s. Very close to the city center but yet you feel like you are in the country side.

Turun taidemuseo

The regional museum of Finland proper. A central part of the art life in Turku since 1904.

Ruissalo

A beautiful national park on a island located 6 km from the Kauppatori. There is also a championship level golf course, Aura Golf [17], founded in 1958. The Ruissalo Spa Hotel [18] is its immediate vicinity.

Caribia spa and Posankka

Relax in the spa and see the famous cross between a pig and a duck, Posankka. This pink statue was made by Alvar Gullichsen, and it has become a known landmark in front of the spa.

Wäinö Aaltosen museo

Itäinen Rantakatu 38 (15 min from Market Sq, or take bus 14/15). Tue-Sun 11 AM-7 PM. An art museum named after Finnish artist and sculptor Wäinö Aaltonen (1896-1966), whose statues of famous Finns and various nationalist themes can be found throughout Finland. Perhaps the best-known is the classical Greek-style statue of "Flying Finn" and nine-time Olympic gold medalist Paavo Nurmi. Five copies of the statue exist, one in the museum, and the statue's best known exploit was when students from the Helsinki U. of Tech. snuck one onto the wreck of the 17th-century Swedish warship Vasa just days before it was salvaged. The museum also hosts changing exhibitions of other artists. €7.

Forum Marinum and Suomen Joutsen

A national special museum that also works as a maritime centre while having the famous Suomen Joutsen (Swan of Finland) just outside of it. A ship that is considered as the national ship of finns. Both are located just after the guest harbour when going down stream, you can't miss it.

Sibelius Museum

Biskopsgatan 17 FIN-20500 Åbo (Turku). Located only 150 meters from the Turku cathedral is a low modern concrete building, housing an interesting collection of musical instruments as well as displays of Finnish composer Jean Sibelius, the man and his music. On display are more than 1400 musical instruments and music art from all around the globe. These include instruments hundreds of years old, such as lutes and early viols; harpsichords, clavichords and early pianos; and downstairs, many organs. Additionally, a room is reserved for Sibelius´s life and work. During the autumn, winter, and spring seasons the museum hosts chamber music concerts on Wednesday evenings. The collections available at the Sibelius museum are of interest to both experts and ordinary music lovers. The museum was founded in 1926 by Otto Andersson, the first Professor of Musicology and Folklore at Åbo Akademi University.

Vaasa — a city with strong Swedish influences on the west coast located near the UNESCO world natural site Kvarken Archipelago

Market place and Finlands Statue of freedom

The market place is the center of the city life in Vaasa. Finlands Statue of Freedom, unveiled in the summer of 1938 is in the northern end of the market square.

Old Vaasa

Old Vaasa (Vanha Vaasa, Gamla Vasa) is situated about 6km south east of the todays town featuring ruins from the first town of Vaasa that burned down in 1852 and a 18th century court building that survived the destruction but was redone into the Church of Korsholm when the town was rebuilt at a new location closer to the sea. The banks of the 14th century Korsholm castle are still visible and can be found west of the Church of Korsholm.

The campuses of Vaasa

Vaasa has three university level educational institutions with campuses that make use of Vaasas industrial past. The University of Vaasa has a unique campus that combines modern architectural elements with an old Cotton Mill in the neighborhood of Palosaari. The campus is situated along the waterfront and has park areas all around. Some say it is the most beautiful campus in Finland. South from that campus, closer to the city center but still along the waterfront is Academill, a former grain mill that nowadays houses two faculties of Åbo Akademi university in Vaasa. In the northern end of Kauppapuistikko you will find the campus of the Swedish School of Economics and Business Adminstration, also known as Hanken, which is housed in a former clothing factory.

Söderfjärden

South of Vaasa in the rural area of Sundom is a big cultivated area called Söderfjärden. When seen from the top of Öjberget, a hill right beside the big flat area, you see that the whole area is round. This is because it is an old crater which probably was caused by a meteor millions of years ago.

Waterfront

Take a walk in the park areas along the waterfront. Many sights are along the way, like the neo-gothic Court of Appeal and the 19th century Vaasa prison, which is still in use (though extensivly modernized on the inside) and actually has a shop which sells crafts made by the prisoners.

Trinity Church and surroundings

In the vicinity of the neogothic Trinity Church you will find City Hall, which also houses the Tourist office on the bottom floor. Along Vaasanpuistikko on the south side of the Church is the City Council and close by is Vaasan Lyseon Lukio, which is a Finnish-speaking upper secondary school. West of the church is a another school building with the text Lyceum. This is Vasa Övningsskolas Gymnasium, which is a Swedish-speaking upper secondary school.

Vaasa City Library

Check out what is happening in your corner of the world in the international papers provided in the City Library on Kirjastonkatu 13. If you can't find a suitable paper then try the internet on one of the computers. It's free. And while you are there, breathe in some of the cultural history involved. The first lending library in Finland was established in Vaasa 2.8.1794. The current city library was built in 1936 and in 2001 a extensive renovation and enlargement of the library was complete taking both old and new elements into account.

Contemporary architecture

There are some interesting buildings to see if you are an architecture buff of the modern sort. One interesting area is the Campus of Vaasa university already mentioned above, another is the city's Center City Block, also called Rewell Center, which was designed by architect Viljo Revell and finished in 1963. In the neighbourhood of Huutoniemi (sw: Roparnäs) you'll find Huutoniemi Church, a modernist building finished in 1964 and designed by Aarno Ruusuvuori. Significant industral architecture is well represented in Strömberg Industral Park and the City Library, also mentioned above, is an interesting meld of old and new.